Process | Typical Photoreaktor |
Active pharmaceutical intermediates (API), e.g. synthesis of Artemisinin (antimalarial drug), singlet oxygen reaction | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
API and intermediate synthesis (e.g. Iribotecan by Cis-Trans Isomerization and Artemisinin by Singlet Oxygen Reaction) | Plug-Flow Photoreactors |
API carriers and particle modifications (processes in heterogeneous (solid/liquid) media) | Agitated Photoreactors |
API synthesis | Falling-Film Photoreactors |
Aqueous dispersion of polymers that can be solidified into rubber (Latex) | Falling-Film Photoreactors |
Bleaching | Falling-Film Photoreactors |
Brominated intermediates for synthesis (e.g. substituted benzylbromides) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Chlorinated intermediates for synthesis (e.g. benzylchloride, benzalchloride, methylchloride) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Chlorinated solvents (e.g. dichloromethane, chloroform, tetrachloromethane) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Dydrogesterone | |
Fluorinations, Sulfoxidations, Nitrosylations | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Fragerances (e.g. Rose Oxyde via Singlet Oxygen Reaction) | Plug-Flow Photoreactors |
Fragrances (e.g. singlet oxygen reaction: Rose oxide) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Intermediates for diagnostics (e.g. by photo- bromination or photo-iodination) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Lubricants (e.g. Fomblin) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Material modifications (processes in heterogeneous – liquid/liquid and solid/liquid – media (e.g. chlorinated rubbers, chlorinated PVC (C-PVC)) | Agitated Photoreactors |
Mercaptan synthesis (e.g. Cyclohexylthiol via H2S addition) | Plug-Flow Photoreactors |
Monomer modification | Falling-Film Photoreactors |
Nitrosylations | Agitated Photoreactors |
Photocatalyzed and photo-redox processes (processes in heterogeneous – solid/liquid – media) | Agitated Photoreactors |
Photohalogenations | Agitated Photoreactors |
Photooxidations implying radical intermediates (e.g. AOP) | Falling-Film Photoreactors |
Photopolymerizations (radical and cationic) in heterogeneous – liquid/liquid and solid/liquid – media) (e.g. Caprolactam as pre-cursor of Nylon 6, Lauryllactam as pre-cursor of Nylon 12, Polyacrylates, Polystyrenes and co-polymers, mini-emulsions with monomer functionalization) | Agitated Photoreactors |
Plant treatment intermediates (e.g. pinacols by photo-hydrodimerisation) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Polymer and co-polymer specialities (photopolymerization in homogeneous (liquid), heterogeneous (liquid/liquid and liquid/gas (aerosols) media) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Polymer functionalization (e.g. synthesis of API carriers, photo-halogenations, photooxidations in solid/liquid or sold/gas microheterogeneous media) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Preparative photochemistry in general implying strongly absorbing substrates and/or radical imtermediates | Falling-Film Photoreactors |
Recovery of precious metals | Falling-Film Photoreactors |
Safety agents (e.g. odour additives for gases) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Sulfoxidations and sulfochlorinations (e.g. Sulphochlorinate polyethylene) | Agitated Photoreactors |
Vitamin D production (prone of filming if high radiant power densities are applied) | Falling-Film Photoreactors |
Vitamins (e.g. pre-Vitamin D2 or D3 and derivatives by electrocyclic reaction or Vitamin A by cis-trans isomerization) | Side-Loop Photoreactors |
Of course, this table is not comprehensive.
There are many non-documented custom applications.
Ask us.